Martin & Rose (2007: 221-2):
NEGOTIATION provides resources for taking up speech roles in conversation — making statements, asking questions, offering services and demanding goods. …
As we can see, each statement, question, offer and command positions people to respond — by acknowledging, answering, accepting and complying. So the moves in conversation tend to come in pairs — ‘adjacency pairs’ as conversation analysts have called them. …
So responses may be compliant or they may not. Summing up, there are three dimensions we need to consider in dialogue — the kind of moves that speakers make, how they are sequenced, and what happens when things don’t work out as smoothly as planned.
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[1] To be clear, the discourse semantic system of NEGOTIATION is Martin's (1992) rebranding of Halliday's (1985: 69) semantic system of SPEECH FUNCTION. There is no acknowledgement, anywhere in this chapter, that the source of these ideas is Halliday. Cf Halliday & Matthiessen (2014: 136):
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